Αθλητισμός = Σίδηρος ;

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Μπορεί να ακούγεται υπερβολικό όμως δεν είναι. Η τιμή της αιμοσφαιρίνης/ αιματοκρίτη συσχετίζονται άμεσα με την αεροβιακή μας ικανότητα. Δυστυχώς οι αθλητές αντοχής και ιδιαίτερα αυτοί που καλύπτουν τρέχοντας πολλά χιλιόμετρα παρουσιάζουν σημαντική έλλειψη σιδήρου. Η έλλειψη σιδήρου είναι πιο σημαντική έλλειψη μετάλλου στους ανθρώπους στον Δυτικό κόσμο. Ο αθλητές θεωρούνται ως μία ομάδα μα σημαντική έλλειψη σιδήρου η οποία οφείλει να παρακολουθεί τακτικά τα επίπεδα αυτού

Οπως τονίσαμε χαμηλές τιμές αιμοσφαιρίνης και αιματοκρίτη επηρρεάζουν αρνητικά την απόδοσή μας. Ας δούμε το θέμα πιο σφαιρικά ξεκαθαρίζοντας ορισμένα σημεία που δημιουργούν σύγχυση:

  1. Ο κάθε αθλητής αντοχής και ιδιαίτερα οι δρομείς και τριαθλητές οφείλουν κάθε 6 μήνες να κάνουν αιματολογικές εξετάσεις όπου μεταξύ άλλων οφείλουν να τσεκάρουν και τα αποθέματά σιδήρου τους (φερριτίνη).
  2. Τα κανονικά επίπεδα του κάθε ανθρώπου είναι κάτι που πρέπει να ορίσει ο ιατρός και αυτό συνήθως γίνεται σε περιόδους ξεκούρασης. π.χ. σε περίοδο ξεκούρασης είχα αιματοκρίτη στο 46 ενώ σε περιόδους πλήρους προπόνησης ακόμα και με ιατρική παρακολούθηση και συνταγογράφιση σιδήρου με δυσκολία είχα 38.
  3. Ας μην αμελούμε ότι αυτό που ονομάζουμε φυσιολογικά επίπεδα δεν είναι τίποτα άλλο από στατιστικές καμπύλες Gaus.
  4. Ο αθλητίατρος και μόνο αυτός έχει δικαίωμα βάσει νόμου να συνταγογραφήσει καθώς και να καθορίσει τον τρόπο – συχνότητα και παραμέτρους – ελέγχου.
  5. Δυστυχώς παρότι όλες οι φαρμακευτικές εταιρείες υπόσχονται υψηλή απορρόφηση και μικρά γαστρεντερικά προβλήματα, αυτό δεν ισχύει. Η απορρόφηση του σιδήρου μέσω σκευασμάτων εξακολουθεί να είναι μικρή και εξακολουθούν να δημιουργούν γασρτεντερικά προβλήματα. Για κάθε ανθρώπινο οργανισμό διαφορετικό σκεύασμα μπορεί να είναι ιδανικό. Ομως ο πειραματισμός δεν μπορεί να γίνεται χωρίς τις οδηγίες του ιατρού που μας παρακολουθεί.
  6. Η βιταμίνη C και το φολικό οξύ βοηθούν την απορρόφηση του σιδήρου
  7. Οι πολυφαινόλες στον καφέ μειώνουν την απορρόφηση κατά 20% και το ταννικό οξύ του τσαγιού κατά 50%
  8. Τώρα που έχουμε υψηλά επίπεδα θερμοκρασιών είναι δύσκολο να διακρίνουμε εάν η υπνηλία και η γενικότερη κατάπτωση οφείλεται στην ζέστη ή στην ελλειψη σιδήρου.
  9. Είναι αυτοννόητο ότι οι αθλήτριες (λόγω της περιόδου) έχουν ακόμα πιο έντονο πρόβλημα.

Κείμενο : Γιάννης Ψαρέλης (Προπονητική Ομάδα Smart Sport – email : info@triathlonworld.gr)

 

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